Linux命令学习：三剑客之老三grep

grep 参数解释

grep擅长查找功能

在这里为了节省篇幅，我就不一一解释了，只介绍一些非常常用的组合。

递归查找所有匹配的文件内容

$ grep -rl love *
dir/file3.txt
file.txt
file2.txt

忽略大小写递归查找并带行号输出

$ grep -inr "It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are GO" *
dir/file3.txt:38:It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are going
file.txt:38:It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are going
file2.txt:38:It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are going

忽略大小写显示行号，显示匹配内容和前后2行

一般用于定位日志问题，-A 2 -B 2 也可以替换成-C 2

$ grep -in "It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are GO" file.txt -A 2 -B 2
file.txt-36-the way that ypu change my world
file.txt-37-when I’m with you
file.txt:38:It doesn’t matter where we're from and where we are going
file.txt-39-as long as your with me all the way
file.txt-40-And the nights are long and lonely and

查找匹配的进程名，忽略带grep的内容

$ ps -ef | grep -i wei
  501 1807 1 0 25 519 ?? 5:29.55 /Applications/Weiyun.app/Contents/MacOS/Weiyun -psn_0_176171
  501 92256 1851 0 10:32下午 ttys000 0:00.00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn -i wei

$ ps -ef | grep -i wei | grep -v grep
  501 1807 1 0 25 519 ?? 5:29.55 /Applications/Weiyun.app/Contents/MacOS/Weiyun -psn_0_176171

或逻辑查找

$ grep -E "love|change" file.txt
I love you
I love you
the way that you change my world
Love may come and love may go

正则表达式测试

最骚的就数这个了，不用再下载一堆东西或者打开某个网页在测试正则表达式了，比如校验json、校验邮箱。一个grep就搞定，是不是很方便呢？

echo coding3min@foxmail.com | grep -p "^[A-Za-z0-9\u4e00-\u9fa5]\+\@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]\+\(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]\+\)"
coding3min@foxmail.com